Panic Disorder
Panic Disorder is characterized by recurrent, unexpected panic attacks — sudden episodes of intense fear accompanied by physical symptoms such as rapid heartbeat, shortness of breath, or dizziness. These attacks can feel overwhelming and may lead individuals to fear serious medical emergencies.
Over time, the fear of having another attack can lead to avoidance of certain places or situations, which may restrict daily activities and independence.
Signs & Symptoms:
- Sudden, intense panic attacks
- Racing heart, sweating, trembling, shortness of breath
- Fear of losing control or dying
- Avoidance of situations that trigger attacks
- Persistent worry about future attacks
Treatment
Therapy
CBT with interoceptive exposure, Mindfulness-Based Therapy, ACT
Medications
SSRIs (paroxetine, sertraline), SNRIs (venlafaxine), Benzodiazepines (short-term)
Importance:
Effective treatment reduces attacks, prevents avoidance, and restores functioning.
